The Application of Ansys-Fluent Software for Aerodynamic Analysis on Rectangular and Moderate Swept Wing Planform

ANSYS-Fluent software represents a CFD software having the capability for solving various engineering flow problems. Besides offering a variety of flow solvers, this software also offers various type of turbulence model can be used in the flow analysis. The present work focuses on the use of this software applied to two type wing models, a moderately swept wing and (2) a rectangular wing planform. The moderately swept wing geometry and experimental data were obtained from AGARD AR-138, whereas the rectangular wing planform was obtained from RTO-TR-026. The first model evaluated by using five different turbulent models, namely (1) Spalart-Allmaras, (2) k-ε Standard, (3) k-ε Realizable, (4) k-ω Standard and (5) k-ω SST turbulence models. Comparisons result with AGARD shows that all turbulent models are able to provide in a good agreement. However, Spalart-Allmaras and k-ω SST turbulence models give less CPU time than the others. These two turbulent models then applied to the case of a rectangular wing plan form. The result from the second test case, the k-ω SST turbulence models, give a more accurate result compared to the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence models. It gives a better result compared with the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence models. The k-ω SST turbulence model makes the ANSYS-Fluent result just differ 11.5% from the experiment result while for the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model differs 14.05%.  Here it can be concluded that k-ω SST turbulence mode may represent a suitable turbulence model for solving flow over a rectangular wing to the moderate swept wing plan form

An investigational research of spray pattern for deflector flat spray nozzle using horizontal patternator

Valuation of the spray patterns and spray angle is necessary for producing nozzle applications such as in combustion process, agriculture, which is the experiment result in less liquid usage, and increased spray distribution accuracy. Therefore, this study investigate to analyze the spray distribution nozzle and consider the water consumption and spray angle using several type of deflector flat spray. First, the result should assist with spray patternator construction to determine water consumption. Then, measure of spray angle using Digital Single Lens Reflex Camera (DSLR) and image J software. The results provided support two fluid flow in the nozzle with increase of air pressure can reduce water consumption compared with single fluid flow. Effect of relationship between air pressures with water pressure in the nozzle producing the large spray angle compared water pressure only in the nozzle. Thus, fluid pressure in the nozzle is main parameter in developing on spray distribution. Spray pattern and spray angle are also an important consideration in nozzle selection and application

The familial dementia gene revisited: a missense mutation revealed by whole exome sequencing identifies ITM2B as a candidate gene underlying a novel autosomal dominant retinal dystrophy in a large family

Audo, Isabelle et al.Inherited retinal diseases are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders for which a significant number of cases remain genetically unresolved. Increasing knowledge on underlying pathogenic mechanisms with precise phenotype-genotype correlation is, however, critical for establishing novel therapeutic interventions for these yet incurable neurodegenerative conditions. We report phenotypic and genetic characterization of a large family presenting an unusual autosomal dominant retinal dystrophy. Phenotypic characterization revealed a retinopathy dominated by inner retinal dysfunction and ganglion cell abnormalities. Whole-exome sequencing identified a missense variant (c.782A>C, p.Glu261Ala) in ITM2B coding for Integral Membrane Protein 2B, which co-segregates with the disease in this large family and lies within the 24.6 Mb interval identified by microsatellite haplotyping. The physiological role of ITM2B remains unclear and has never been investigated in the retina. RNA in situ hybridization reveals Itm2b mRNA in inner nuclear and ganglion cell layers within the retina, with immunostaining demonstrating the presence of the corresponding protein in the same layers. Furthermore, ITM2B in the retina co-localizes with its known interacting partner in cerebral tissue, the amyloid ß precursor protein, critical in Alzheimer disease physiopathology. Interestingly, two distinct ITM2B mutations, both resulting in a longer protein product, had already been reported in two large autosomal dominant families with Alzheimer-like dementia but never in subjects with isolated retinal diseases. These findings should better define pathogenic mechanism(s) associated with ITM2B mutations underlying dementia or retinal disease and add a new candidate to the list of genes involved in inherited retinal dystrophies.The project was supported by GIS-maladies rares (C.Z.), Retina France (part of the 100-Exome Project) (I.A., J.-A.S. and C.Z.), Foundation Voir et Entendre (C.Z.), Foundation Fighting Blindness (FFB) grant CD-CL-0808-0466-CHNO (I.A. and the CIC503, recognized as an FFB centre), FFB grant C-CMM-0907-0428-INSERM04, Ville de Paris and Region Ile de France and by the French State programme ‘Investissements d’Avenir’ managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (LIFESENSES: ANR-10-LABX-65)Peer Reviewe